Vedas The Vedas, sometimes collectively called the Veda, are a large body of religious texts originating in ancient India. Composed in Vedic Sanskrit, the texts constitute the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest scriptures of Hinduism.
The Vedas are ancient Indian religious texts that are the oldest scriptures of Hinduism, composed in Vedic Sanskrit and passed down through an oral tradition before being written down. There are four main Vedas: the Rigveda, containing hymns to deities; the Yajurveda, a manual for rituals; the Samaveda, a collection of hymns for singing; and the Atharvaveda, containing spells, daily life hymns, and philosophical reflections. The word "Veda" means "knowledge," and these texts are considered a source of wisdom, tradition, and the foundation of Hindu philosophy and culture.