Odisha (formerly Orissa) is an eastern Indian state on the Bay of Bengal known for its ancient Hindu temples, beaches, and tribal cultures. The capital city is Bhubaneswar.
Geography
Location: It lies between 17.49'N and 22.34'N latitudes and 81.27'E and 87.29'E longitudes, with a coastline of about 450 km.
Land divisions: The state is geographically divided into four primary zones: the Eastern Ghats, the Central Table Land, the Northern Plateau, and the Coastal Plains.
Rivers: Major rivers include the Mahanadi, Brahmani, and Baitarani. The Baitarani is sometimes referred to as the "Guptaganga".
History
Ancient kingdom: The region was known as the Kalinga kingdom in ancient times. According to the Mahabharata, the kingdom was founded by a prin
Odia is the sixth Indian language to be designated a classical language.[16][17][18][19] It traces its linguistic roots to the Eastern Magadhi Prakrit, evolving through stages such as Proto Odia (7th–9th century CE), Old Odia (10th-13th century CE), Middle Odia (14th–17th century CE), and Modern Odia (from the 18th century onward). The language displays a distinct phonological and morphological character shaped by centuries of interaction with tribal and Dravidian tongues. Recognized as a classical language of India, Odia has an unbroken literary tradition, with inscriptions dating back over a thousand years.[20]
Geography
Location: It lies between 17.49'N and 22.34'N latitudes and 81.27'E and 87.29'E longitudes, with a coastline of about 450 km.
Land divisions: The state is geographically divided into four primary zones: the Eastern Ghats, the Central Table Land, the Northern Plateau, and the Coastal Plains.
Rivers: Major rivers include the Mahanadi, Brahmani, and Baitarani. The Baitarani is sometimes referred to as the "Guptaganga".
History
Ancient kingdom: The region was known as the Kalinga kingdom in ancient times. According to the Mahabharata, the kingdom was founded by a prin
Odia is the sixth Indian language to be designated a classical language.[16][17][18][19] It traces its linguistic roots to the Eastern Magadhi Prakrit, evolving through stages such as Proto Odia (7th–9th century CE), Old Odia (10th-13th century CE), Middle Odia (14th–17th century CE), and Modern Odia (from the 18th century onward). The language displays a distinct phonological and morphological character shaped by centuries of interaction with tribal and Dravidian tongues. Recognized as a classical language of India, Odia has an unbroken literary tradition, with inscriptions dating back over a thousand years.[20]
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